Desvenlafaxine Succinate (DVS) Controlled-Release Tablets

Desvenlafaxine succinate (DVS) Controlled-Release Tablets Educating elderly patients new to DVS: safety guide for Australian Nurses Class: Serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant Brand name: Pristiq ® Indications Symptomatic treatment of major depressive disorder.1 Pharmacology Pharmacodynamics (PD): DVS prolongs the action of serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) in the central-nervous-system (CNS) by selectively binding to synaptic reuptake transporters.2-4 (See fig 1).5 5-HT and NA are powerful neurotransmitters that regulate mood and mental wellbeing.3 Pharmacokinetics (PK): Well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, metabolised in the liver and excreted in the urine. 1-2,4 The average PK parameters of DVS with once-daily dosing are1,4: Note: Clearance rates are reduced in elderly patients with renal and/or hepatic dysfunction, resulting in an increased t1/2 and overexposure to DVS1-4,6 (see Dosage Considerations and Adverse Effects). Dosage †¢ 50 mg once daily, swallowed whole with water. Not to be crushed, cut, dissolved or chewed, as this will modify the timed-release mechanism, reducing efficiency and causing adverse effects. †¢ To be taken at the same every day to sustain a therapeutic steady state (devise a routine that works best with the patient as to maintain compliance e.g. after brushing teeth at night). Dosage Considerations †¢ Abruptly increasing or decreasing dose causes adverse effects, due to slow CNS

American Stereotypes of Immigrants Essay - 881 Words

America was widely known as a â€Å"melting pot† of sorts for many generations. The country earned its title by accepting immigrants of various cultures and molding, or melting, them into the American lifestyle. However, the â€Å"melting pot† idea of America is starting to dissipate. According to a Newsweek Poll on the public, â€Å"only 20 percent still think America is a melting pot† (Morganthau and Wolfberg, par.4). As more Americans push away immigrants and create stereotypes against said immigrants, America continues to lose its title as a â€Å"melting pot.† There is ethnic friction in America and people have begun to have a hard time assimilating (Morganthau and Wolfberg, par.18). .America is beginning to place a negative outlook on its†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"When all imagemakers rightfully begin to treat Arabs and all other minorities with respect and dignity, we may begin to unlearn our prejudices† (Shaheen 87). Immigrants come to America in search of freedom and acceptance of their cultures. According to America’s title as a â€Å"melting pot†, immigrants should be able to come to America and find exactly what they looking for. Unfortunately, that is not the case. Richard Rodriguez covers this in his essay â€Å"The Fear of Losing a Culture† when he says, â€Å"Hispanics want to belong to America without betraying the past. Yet we fear losing ground in any negotiation with America. Our fear, most of all, is losing our culture† (Rodriguez 94). If there are people from cultures who are scared to belong to America for fear of losing their culture, how can America be a â€Å"melting pot†? Rodriguez shapes the American culture in a very detrimental way. He speaks of how America believed its national strength came from diversity, but Latin America is really the bed of so many races and cultures (Rodriguez 94-95). America has turned a blind eye to Latin America, refusing to believe that Latin America is so diverse. Latin Americans have much to offer from their passion and dedication to hard work. Regardless of what America wants, Latin Americans will change America as it forces them to change (Rodriguez 95). Peter Marin writes about how America is not a â€Å"melting pot†. He mentions that though that might not be so bad for America, it doesShow MoreRelatedA Program At Edmonds Community College1733 Words   |  7 Pageschallenges that she would need to face as a Chinese immigrant for now. On the most important part, choosing between retaining her old cultural values and assimilating into the American culture was always a struggle for her. As described by Holly, while she was in Alaska, she couldn’t decide on whether she should practice a new religion, whether she should avoid speaking Chinese with anyone or try to speak it whenever possible, or whether she should wear American or Chinese style clothing in public.20 ChoosingRead MoreEssay on Asian American History914 Words   |  4 Pagesto the assimilation of immigrants who were initially heterogeneous with their own distinct backgrounds. Corresponding to that fact, racial discrimination has been significantly reduced wit hin â€Å"melting pot†, in which people gradually understand the differences between them without aversion. However, back in the past, many Americans conceived of Asians as strangers. They were not willing to understand and embrace the biological and cultural differences that set Asian immigrants apart from Europeans andRead MoreThe German Stereotype Of The United States1621 Words   |  7 PagesThe German Stereotype in the United States? As we covered in our workshop America has had a large population of Germans for a very long time. While we were discussing German immigration and emigration, the question that stuck out to me was how did the views of the other groups in America effect how the Germans were accepted and viewed in the United States. Different times and issues have changed how Germans were viewed in America, for example both world wars and the following strong anti-GermanRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1565 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States with immigrants subjected to being accused of crimes because of their inability to speak proper English and lay victim to stereotypical views. Americans have the misconception that all immigrants pose a threat to the United States and that immigrants entering the United States have the intent to perform terrorist attacks. This way of thinking continually perpetuates the stereotype that immigrants are dangerous. Although terrorists may be immigrants, not al l immigrants could be terroristsRead MoreThe Hot Topic of Immigration Essay791 Words   |  4 Pagesmany issues to consider but let’s look at stereotypes and regulatory control issues. Just what are some of the stereotypes about the economic impact of immigration in the United States? We have all heard that immigrants are taking jobs away from Americans. This stereotype is based on two fallacies: that there are a fixed number of jobs to go around, and that foreign workers are direct substitutes for citizens (Dangelo 236). The truth is that immigrants fill the low-end jobs that increasingly theRead MoreImmigration : New Immigrants, Terrorists, Offer Cheaper Services, Learned And Productive Essay871 Words   |  4 PagesSELECTION: New immigrants STEREOTYPES: Outsiders, terrorists, offer cheaper services, learned and productive. EXAMPLES FROM NEWS http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2012/11/15/how-immigrants-come-to-be-seen-as-americans/how-immigrants-are-marked-as-outsiders According to this article, new immigrants are considered as outsiders in the United States. Even though there is no clear line defining the outsiders and the insider s immigrants, those immigrants who have been staying for long in U.SRead MoreAsian American And Asian Americans964 Words   |  4 PagesMany Asian Americans take great pride in a strong work ethic and an equally strong value system in terms of educational achievement. This cultural legacy stems from a long tradition of Asians coming into America as immigrants since the 19th century. During this time, there are third and fourth generation Asian Americans that have adopted the principles of a quality education and strong work ethic as part of being of Asian descent in a primarily white Anglo-American population. Culturally, many AsiansRead MoreImmigration Is A Whole Other Playing Field Of Racial Stereotypes Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagesracial stereotypes. It s a safe bet, for instance to go to any state and ask the que stion, â€Å"when you think of immigration, what race comes to mind?† Most people would say that Latinos make up the majority of immigration into the US. This idea, in reality is actually very true. Out of all immigrants into the US Latinos make up 51.6%! Out of that percentage 53% are male. Many Latino immigrants are anywhere between the ages of 18 and 64, this age range makes up 79.7% of all Latino immigrants. Most theseRead MoreLabor And Legality : An Ethnography Of A Mexican Immigrant Network Essay907 Words   |  4 PagesMexican Immigrant Network Labor and Legality: An Ethnography of a Mexican Immigrant Network, by Ruth Gomberg-Munoz, is a book that explains the difficulty of Mexican immigrant lifestyles, which has gained the attention across the country especially since Donald Trumps’ recent statements against these people, as illegal civilians come from Mexico to work in America. Gomberg-Munoz tries to give us an understanding of the life of these people. Gomberg-Munoz’s thesis is that immigrant workersRead MoreThe Danger Of A Single Story By Nancy Mairs984 Words   |  4 Pagesand cultures are composed of many overlapping stories. A single story confines a corner of the world to a generalized stereotype. Chimamanda Adichie in TED talk, The Danger of a Single Story, addresses that â€Å"if you hear a single story about a person or a country we risk a critical understanding.† Adichie also states, â€Å"a single story creates stereotypes, and the problem with stereotypes is not what they are untrue, but they are incomplete.† Adichie believes everyone is guilty in creating single stories

Case Study Ebay Strategy in China Free Essays

Introduction Basics of Occupational Safety, in my opinion could be explained as most important steps of identifying, recognizing, avoiding, controling and methods of protection from risks and other possible factors that can affect our   physical and emotional health. Occupational safety consists from our personal safety and of those who surround us. To be away of accidents and other harmful factors we should be first an informed person over potential risks, ways of avoiding it and of course methods of helping each other or our self in case we are in a risky situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study Ebay Strategy in China or any similar topic only for you Order Now Information is available everywhere is just important to know which one is a correct information helping you to have correct steps of protection yourself and which one is a incorrect one. A correct information is the that one approved by law and proved in practice. Accidents and prevention Accidents and risks are everywhere and no one can protect you form a potential accident that yourself. Nature is unpredictable and everybody has their one destiny. But by being an informed person you get power on controlling situations and avoiding risk from your life. An accident if a factor which can provoke harm to you health or take your life for good. There is always ways of avoiding accidents and those who care about their life will do all possible to survive it and get form it at least alive if is not possible to avoid wounds and broken bones. In my opinion to avoid an accident is: 1. Knowing the rules of working place or transportation rules and respect them 2. being informed on potential risks places and better to avoid them 3. have an idea of according first aid in case of possible accidents 4. e protected with special suits, glows etc. , if working area is in possible risk all time 5. know where is urgent exit doors form buildings in case of risks 6. know where are urgent buttons 7. where is the specialized room for accident cases which have all necessary tools for protection 8. know where is health box for accident cases 9. know where are the closes points of hospitals and health points 10. being informed of scheme of building 11. at le ast 2-3 times have done the training for special cases and accidents and know how to behave in this situations 12. now the specialized person who have done trainings for first aid 13. being patient and non stressed and with focused attention is extreme situations and support weak persons 14. location of first aid equipment 15. to protect the casualty against further injury without creating a risk for oneself 16. the plan for access to additional care 17. to observe and interpret the victim’s general condition 18. to assess the situation, the magnitude and severity of the injuries and the need for additional medical help. Occupational diseases and prevention What are occupational diseases? A disease is a virus who harm your heath and provoke illness and potential death. Occupational diseases are a long list of diseases who can migrate form one person to another if is transmissible or can be   gained form you unhealthy work place always posed at risks for being infected with chemical harmful products or can bring physical harms. Being protected means in first place to be a informed person, to respect working place rules and where special glows and protection suits, always have a planed day when you can go and do a general investigation on your physical situation and also psychological one. Always have a planed day, have planed breaks and eat healthy food, have at least 1h per day for physical trainings, have a sleeping regime. If you fell you are tired or fell strange modifications on your general health don’t hesitate to visit a doctor for a small investigation. Nobody can save you from those diseases who are genetically transmitted but only you can make your health situation better by taking care of yourself and avoid risks. Riscks and their management A person can be applied for an first aid in different situation and depends of few key factors: – size and layout of the enterprise type of work and associated level of risk – other enterprise characteristics – availability of other health services. The risks of injury vary greatly from one enterprise and from one occupation to another. Even within a single enterprise, such as a metalworking firm, different risks exist depending on whether the worker is engaged in the handling and cutting of metal sheets, risk of burns and electrocution, the assembly of parts, or metal plating the potential of poisoning and skin injury. The risks associated with one type of work vary according to many other factors, such as the design and age of the machinery used, the maintenance of the equipment, the safety measures applied and their regular control. A distinction is sometimes made between the type of work and the specific potential risks:  · low risk-for example, in offices or shops  · higher risk-for example farms and in some factories and yards  · specific or unusual risks- like underground work, diving operations, transportation and shipping. Example of potential hazards will be: 1. rushing injuries 2. falls 3. lack of oxygen 4. risks of spreading fire and explosions 5. intoxication by chemicals at work 6. serious cuts, severed limbs 7. exposure to infectious agents, animal bites and stings. How to manage with potential risks and how to manage accidental situations? Every company in our days meet many challenges in changing their safety programs   as they understood that they are responsible for worker s life and safety at working place and because of hight penalties that have to pay to high priced medicaments in case of accidents at working place. To manage a risk situation you should have knowledges in many safety areas: chemistry and biology- hazardous substances, ergonomics- limitations of human power, designing machines and facilitations, knowledges about pollution, environmental alteration, psychology helps to understand human behavior, medicine helps to understand mechanisms of injuries and how to prevent them, business and economics helps to improve safety and contribute to profitability and productivity. Most of the companies have different hazards unique safety expertise and most of them do next several thinks: * we must recognize hazard situations, conditions and situations can cause illness injuries; * we should consider fire protection: reducing fire hazard by making regular inspections and instal fire detectors and suppression systems * health control hazards: as noise hazards, chemical, biological, radiation hazards which can affect our life * always have ready equipments, materials, facilities and   professional abilities * make sure that mandatory safety and health standards are satisfied * improve management for hazardous products by keeping them away of humans, fire, other substances or stored in special places; * explain people about their limitations and abilities, characteristics of products * protect environment by not releasing poisoning substances in air or water * make planed trainings on explaining workers on way of recognizing potential hazards and make their wor k safe and   effective. Conclusion From all we explained till now, we can evaluate the main point of safety science: gives people to identify, evaluate, control and prevent risks in their working place or day by day. Ricks cant be prevented, their are everywhere but there is always professionals dedicated to prevent human suffering and potentials losses. Author: Irina Soltoianu How to cite Case Study Ebay Strategy in China, Free Case study samples

Employee Turnover And Control Methods Mark & Spencer

Question: Discuss about the Employee Turnover and Control Methods for Mark Spencer? Answer: Introduction The research problem Marks and Spencer is one of the major UK based retail organizations. Headquartered at Westminster; the organization specializes in the domain of clothing, gourmet food products, and home products. It has been reported that the organization has to recruit new employees in large numbers due to an equally high rate of employee turnover (Khan 2013). The research work being proposed in this paper is aimed at finding out how the management of the organization can reduce the employee turnover rate by utilizing employee retention policies. Aims and objectives To understand the employee turnover rate at Mark Spencer To identify the employee retention policies used at Mark Spencer To utilize the employee control methods at Mark Spencer Research questions How can Marks and Spencer efficiently use employee retention and employee control policies to reduce the rate of employee turnover? What policies are used for retaining employees at Mark Spencers? How Management of Mark Spencers control their employees? Background Marks and Spencer is one of the largest retail organizations that is currently operating in the UK market. Market reviews indicate that the entire retail industry suffers from high employee turnover rates (Khan 2013). The proposed research aims to find the strategies which would help in retaining the experienced employees of the organization. Literature Review Employee retention refers to the activities taken up by the management of an organization to hold back the experienced employees of the organization (Erickson 2016). The extent to which an organization is capable of retaining its experienced employees is reflected in the profit made by the organization as the employment of new employees not only increases organizational costs (as required for training the new recruits) but affects the productivity of the organization. Researchers are of the opinion that, cases of employee turnover can be categorized into the following distinct classes: Involuntary separations: When experienced employees are terminated form their offices by the employer himself, the separation is often termed as involuntary (as the organization itself initiates the process without the consent of the employee) (Yang, Wan and Fu 2012). Inability to perform according to the expectation of the management and behavioral issues are some of the reasons for such termination. Voluntary separations: When employees resign from their offices by themselves, the separation is considered to be voluntary.' The findings of research works being conducted in this domain indicate that conflicts with the management, the availability of better options and lack growth opportunities in the organization encourage the existing employees to resign from their offices (Hong et al. 2012). Another school of experts conducting research work in the domain of Human Resource Management has opined that employee turnovers should be classified as: Functional turnover, that is, when the employees who had not been able to perform well resign from their offices voluntarily (Zopiatis, Constanti and Theocharous 2014). Dysfunctional turnover, that is, when the top performing employees resign from their offices. While functional turnover saves the organization from laying off an inefficient employee, dysfunctional turnovers affect the productivity and the reputation of the organization badly (Brewer et al. 2012). Besides this, high recruitment and training costs are associated with dysfunctional turnover. In order to reduce such organizational costs, researcher advice the utilization of efficient employee retention policies as such policies have been proved to have reduced the rate of voluntary turnover to a large extent. Methodology Research strategy and methods Research Philosophy In the field of scientific research, post-positivism orpost-empiricism is defined to be that meta-theoretical stance which considers that the findings of a research work can be influenced by the theories being used, as well as the knowledge base and background of the experts conducting the research work (Mackey and Gass 2015). This particular research philosophy would be utilized in this research work, as it evident from the problem description that the personal opinion of the researchers would indeed influence the outcomes of the research work. Research Approach The proposed research work is aimed at utilizing several human resource management theories so as to find out the strategies that would be helpful in reducing dysfunctional employee turnover (Flick 2015). Thus, the deductive research approach would be utilized in this research work. Data collection: primary and secondary data Information would be collected from the higher management and the HR executives of Marks and Spencer to gain an insight into the employee retention policies that are currently utilized by the organization and the reason for the high employee turnover rate (Panneerselvam 2014). Secondary data sources like of existing literary articles and scholarly papers would be reviewed so as to collect information regarding the techniques that could be used for reducing the rate of employee turnover (Flick 2015). Ethical issues Data Application: The data being collected during the research work cannot be utilized for any commercial purpose. Respondents Involvement: Information should be collected only from those respondents who are willing to participate voluntarily. iii. Respondents Anonymity: The researchers must present the data in such a way that the identities of the respondents are not revealed in public (Mackey and Gass 2015). Project Plan The proposed project would be conducted according to the following time schedule: Figure: Gantt chart of the project (Source: Designed by author) Conclusion This paper provides the proposal for a research work that is aimed at documenting the various policies that organizations use to retain their experienced employees. Besides this, the researchers would put efforts in finding out steps could be utilized by the retail sector of UK to reduce the rate of employee turnover. Several existing literary works have already been reviewed, and the paper provides a detailed discussion on the information collected from these papers. The paper also provides a detailed description of the methodologies and strategies that would be used this research work, along with the time schedule that would be followed. References Brewer, C.S., Kovner, C.T., Greene, W., Tukov Shuser, M. and Djukic, M., 2012. Predictors of actual turnover in a national sample of newly licensed registered nurses employed in hospitals.Journal of Advanced Nursing,68(3), pp.521-538. Erickson, R.A., 2016. Communication and Employee Retention.The International Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Communication. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Hong, E.N.C., Hao, L.Z., Kumar, R., Ramendran, C. and Kadiresan, V., 2012. An effectiveness of human resource management practices on employee retention in institute of higher learning: A regression analysis.International journal of business research and management,3(2), pp.60-79. Khan, O., 2013. Managing risk by internalising product design in fashion retail: An exploratory case of Marks Spencer.Manchester School of Management, Manchester. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Yang, J.T., Wan, C.S. and Fu, Y.J., 2012. Qualitative examination of employee turnover and retention strategies in international tourist hotels in Taiwan.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(3), pp.837-848. Zopiatis, A., Constanti, P. and Theocharous, A.L., 2014. Job involvement, commitment, satisfaction and turnover: Evidence from hotel employees in Cyprus.Tourism Management,41, pp.129-140.

Ray Charles Robinson an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Ray Charles Robinson Ray Charles Robinson was born on 23rd September 1930 in Albany Georgia. He is the pioneer of soul music that became very popular among the Americans irrespective of their race despite the fact that he was blind. Soul music cannot be mentioned without talking about him. Ray was black American who was very talented and was able to invent his new music genre by secularizing some aspects such as the structures, chords, vocal streams as well as wails and moans of other types of music. After he was seven years old, 1937- 45 Ray Charles joined St Augustine which was a school for both the blind and the deaf. It is while he was in this place that learned how to play piano, clarinet and saxophone. He also learned how to write and read Braille. Who was Ray Charles and what role did he play in the music industry? This and many other things related to music is what this research paper will focus on. Need essay sample on "Ray Charles Robinson" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The father of the soul music or a music genius as he was known was son to Aretha Williams and Bailey Robinson although unfortunately they were not married. His mother worked in a saw mill whereas his father could be said to have been a jack of all because he was a mechanic, railroad repairer and a handyman at the same time. According to SwingMusic.Net Ray Charles was not blind but started turning blind when he was five years old and by the time he was seven years old, he was completely blind. At three years, he was absorbing the bright world as any other three-year old did. Ray remembers playing in the pine forests. He remembers the pecans from the trees in Greenville. He also remembers those pigs, cows and chickens from his youth.(Beyer M. 11) College Students Usually Tell EssayLab specialists:Who wants to write assignment for me?Professional writers advise: We Write All Kinds Of PapersAcademic Paper Writing Services Get Paid To Write Papers For Students Top Essay Writing College Essay Writing Service Ray was born at a time when there was great depression in the South and during this period, only country music, gospel, jazz and blues were popular. Because of his love for music, he used to travel with various music bands to their concerts. His first interest in music could be said to have started back in the days when he used to attend cafes and dinners at Greenville and to be specific, the Red Wing caf where a piano was played. He would muster some courage to tell its owner Wylie Pitman to play it. He started to realize that music was part of him and could even feel it in his bones when he was only three years. He could feel hear musical rhythms and notes and know whether they were ok or not. (Beyer M., 12) Before she died her mother Aretha had always wanted to ensure that Ray would grow to be an independent and self sufficient man although he was turning blind. Just like other artists who say that they ventured in the art of music after they were inspired by some music idols, Ray too was not an exception. He would emulate some musicians such as Nat King Cole to such an extent that his audience would say he sounded like him. (Winski N., 67) As we noted earlier that he learned how to play musical instruments and write music while still he was at St, Augustine, he also tried to familiarize himself with various bands such as jazz, Tampa and hillbilly which was also known as The Florida Playboys. It is while he was here that he learned his unique style of wearing dark glasses. During vacation times, Ray spent much of his time reading books and quenching his artistic desires and when Rays family moved from Greenville to Tallahassee, Ray got an opportunity to know some people who gave him moral support and motivated him something that helped in shaping his destiny. Later, he moved to Jacksonville and discovered that the place was much better that Tallahassee in terms of music job opportunities and that was why he came to like the place. (Winski, 95) As time went by, he moved to Florida and Orlando where he became very popular at playing piano. At this time Ray was not yet able to come up with his own songs and played those of other artists such as Nat king and Charles Brown. According to Charles Rays Biography, throughout his career, he skillfully gathered and artistically combined certain aspects of music to come up with his own music genre, soul. His discovery completely changed his personality from that of a blind man to that of a music star. (American Masters) When Ray was 17 years old, he moved to Seattle with the little money he had saved to look for better music opportunities. Here he performed in Maxim Trio which basically used the music style of Chris Brown and that of Cole Nat King. After a period of one year, this group produced its first masterpiece. According to Mark (2003, 54) it is during this time that Ray started indulging in hard drugs something that would later land him in troubles. At this period he started to shine in show business and decided to drop his last name Robinson to prevent being confused with boxing star Sugar Ray Robinson. (SwingMusic.Net, 2007) In the year that followed, he wrote a song that turned to be a national hit Baby Let Me Hold Your Hand although the black culture was despised by the whites with the exception of that of some black artists such as Nat King, Chris Brown and Louis Armstrong. Later, he signed a contract with Atlantic Records and released his first singles that made it to the charts It Should Have Been Me and the Mess Around. He spent the rest of the 1950s trying to combine jazz music, gospel and blues to produce hits such as Whatd Say, Hit the Road Jack, In My Own Tears and Georgia on My Mind. (Winski N., 1994) Though he played all types of music, his interest in music tended to lean on the spiritual side because most of his songs talk about his past experiences. He was very original when it came to music and refused to be swept away by the music waves of his time. Rock and Roll had burst onto the music world in 1995. Ray didnt change with it. He used what suited his style and left the rest to the kids coming up.(Beyer, 59) Due to his dynamic style of combining music, a new turning point both in music and in his life was witnessed. To succeed in music he knew that it was of essence his band to be comprised only of those people who knew his goals and shared his sentiments. Ray claimed that he only did what was natural to him and insisted that the music he produced came direct from his soul. He tried to encourage and influence the youth both Blacks and Whites to appreciate what black artists like him, Nat King, Little Richard and Chick Berry were doing in music. (Winski, 158) Before the end of 1955, Ray started to experiment on how his band would be if he included females in his back up and sooner than later, he discovered that their feminine voice combined very well with masculine voice. This discovery added uniqueness to his music and he would go with his back up to wherever he went to perform. Unfortunately he was arrested in 1964 for using Heroine drugs, a habit that he started back in the 1940s. He was put in California Sanitarium rehab where he decided to quit using drugs and was given a suspended sentence of five years. He returned to his career although his releases in the 1970s were either a hit or miss. His popularity was not greatly affected by being arrested and he even performed in presidential inaugurations for example that of Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton in 1985 and 1993 respectively. He also performed in other big shows like the one that was held in Rome in 2002 and in a televised media journalist banquet in Washington Dc in 2003. Unfort unately, in the following year on 10th June, 2004, Ray Charles succumbed to liver complications. In short, the life of Ray Charles was a life that was greatly driven by musical passions. He started to develop interest in music while he was still very young. Though he turned blind at a very tender age, his career never ended and continued to grow and develop to greater heights till his death. Just like other artists, he was inspired by music idols such as Cole Nat king. These people and especially Nat King was his role model and helped him to become what he was. Ray started using heroine in 1940s and continued with the habit for about twenty years until he was arrested and put in a rehabilitation centre in 1964. He was an innovative musician who was able to come up with a new music genre which was a combination of various types of music such as jazz, blues and gospel music. It was for this reason that Ray came to be referred as the father of soul music. Works Cited American Masters. Ray Charles. Accessed online on July 17, 2008 athttp://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/charles_r.html Winski N. Ray Charles: Singer and Musician. Holloway House Publishing. 1994 SwingMusic.Net. Biography: Ray Charles: Crossed countless perceived musical Boundaries throughout his career. 2007. Retrieved athttp://www.swingmusic.net/Ray_Charles_Biography.html Mark B. Ray Charles. The Rosen Publishing Group. 2003

Isocrates and Plato on the Art of Rhetoric essays

Isocrates and Plato on the Art of Rhetoric essays Isocrates and Plato on the Art of Rhetoric Sophists in Greek times featured practical knowledge, which include governing and decision making. Sophists were willing to teach anyone who could pay for their services; therefore you had to have been raised in a wealthy family in order to be included. Isocrates was a sophist and opened the first permanent institution of higher liberal arts education. He taught the art of writing essays and how to become a great orator in his school. He focused mainly on the morality issues of topical political issues. Critics of these teachings were lead by Plato. The emphasis taught by Isocrates was contrary to the traditional philosophers, like Plato, who were engaged in seeking the truth. Plato made his skills of governance available to anyone, regardless of birth and wealth. Plato viewed rhetoric as, Mere flattery and as a vehicle for misleading others, (Golden, p.9). Isocrates and Plato had different views of what rhetoric meant; their views are contrasted throughout the paper. Isocrates believed that rhetoric was meant to be read rather then delivered. The rhetoric he taught exhibited vocabulary, figures of speech, and many illustrations from history and philosophy. Isocrates thought that a rhetorician should manipulate the style of language to meet the needs of the speech. Isocrates thought that language could take fundamental forms, These were to be mixed, shaped, fitted together, in the same way that a painter mixes colors or a sculptor smoothes a joint, (www.1cc.gatech.edu/gallery/rhetoric/figures/isocrates.html). Isocrates distinguished himself from his contemporary rhetoricians by not believing that any general rule can be applied to rhetoric. Isocrates thought that, All general principles must fail because they screen out the particulars of a given situation, which must be taken into account in all truly good moral and rhetorical decisions&quo...

Biography of Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor

Biography of Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor Fast Facts: Frederick I (Barbarossa) Known For: Holy Roman Emperor and Warrior KingAlso Known As: Frederick Hohenstaufen, Frederick Barbarossa, Emperor Frederick I of the Holy Roman Empire  Born: Exact date unknown; circa 1123, birthplace thought to be SwabiaParents:  Frederick II, Duke of Swabia, Judith, the daughter of Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria, known also as Henry the Black.  Died: June 10, 1190 near Saleph  River,  Cilician ArmeniaSpouse(s): Adelheid of Vohburg, Beatrice I, Countess of BurgundyChildren: Beatrice, Frederick V, Duke of Swabia, Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor,  Conrad, later renamed  Frederick VI, Duke of Swabia, Gisela, Otto I, Count of Burgundy, Conrad II, Duke of Swabia  and Rothenburg, Renaud, William, Philip of Swabia, AgnesNotable Quote: It is not for the people to give laws to the prince, but to obey his mandate. (attributed) Early Life Frederick I Barbarossa was born in 1122 to Frederick II, Duke of Swabia, and his wife Judith. Barbarossas parents were members of the Hohenstaufen dynasty and House of Welf, respectively. This provided him with strong family and dynastic ties that would aid him later in life. At the age of 25, he became the Duke of Swabia following his fathers death. Later that year, he accompanied his uncle Conrad III, King of Germany, on the Second Crusade. Though the crusade was a tremendous failure, Barbarossa acquitted himself well and earned the respect and trust of his uncle. King of Germany Returning to Germany in 1149, Barbarossa remained close to Conrad and in 1152, he was summoned by the king as he lay on his deathbed. As Conrad neared death, he presented Barbarossa with the Imperial seal and stated that the 30-year-old duke should succeed him as king. This conversation was witnessed by the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg, who later stated that Conrad was in full possession of his mental powers when he named Barbarossa his successor. Moving quickly, Barbarossa garnered the support of the prince-electors and was named king on March 4, 1152. As Conrads 6-year-old son had been prevented from taking his fathers place, Barbarossa named him Duke of Swabia. Ascending to the throne, Barbarossa wished to restore Germany and the Holy Roman Empire to the glory it had achieved under Charlemagne. Traveling through Germany, Barbarossa met with the local princes and worked to end the sectional strife. Using an even hand, he united the princes interests while gently reasserting the power of the king. Though Barbarossa was King of Germany, he had not yet been crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope. Marching to Italy In 1153, there was a general feeling of dissatisfaction with the papal administration of the Church in Germany. Moving south with his army, Barbarossa sought to calm these tensions and concluded the Treaty of Constance with Pope Adrian IV in March 1153. By the terms of the treaty, Barbarossa agreed to aid the pope in fighting his Norman enemies in Italy in exchange for being crowned Holy Roman Emperor. After suppressing a commune led by Arnold of Brescia, Barbarossa was crowned by the Pope on June 18, 1155. Returning home that fall, Barbarossa encountered renewed bickering among the German princes. To calm affairs in Germany, Barbarossa gave the Duchy of Bavaria to his younger cousin Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony. On June 9, 1156, at Wà ¼rzburg, Barbarossa married Beatrice of Burgundy. Next, he intervened in a Danish civil war between Sweyn III and Valdemar I the following year. In June 1158, Barbarossa prepared a large expedition to Italy. In the years since he was crowned, a growing rift had opened between the emperor and the pope. While Barbarossa believed that the pope should be subject to the emperor, Adrian, at the Diet of Besanà §on, claimed the opposite. Marching into Italy, Barbarossa sought to reassert his imperial sovereignty. Sweeping through the northern part of the country, he conquered city after city and occupied Milan on September 7, 1158. As tensions grew, Adrian considered excommunicating the emperor; he died before taking any action. In September 1159, Pope Alexander III was elected and immediately moved to claim papal supremacy over the empire. In response to Alexanders actions and his excommunication, Barbarossa began supporting a series of antipopes beginning with Victor IV. Traveling back to Germany in late 1162, to quell unrest caused by Henry the Lion, he returned to Italy the following year with the goal of conquering Sicily. These plans quickly changed when he was required to suppress uprisings in northern Italy. In 1166, Barbarossa attacked toward Rome at won a decisive victory at the Battle of Monte Porzio. His success proved short-lived, however, as disease ravaged his army and he was forced to retreat back to Germany. Remaining in his realm for six years, he worked to improve diplomatic relations with England, France, and the Byzantine Empire. Lombard League During this time, several of the German clergy had taken up the cause of Pope Alexander. Despite this unrest at home, Barbarossa again formed a large army and crossed the mountains into Italy. Here, he met the united forces of the Lombard League, an alliance of northern Italian cities fighting in support of the pope. After winning several victories, Barbarossa requested that Henry the Lion join him with reinforcements. Hoping to increase his power through the possible defeat of his uncle, Henry refused to come south. On May 29, 1176, Barbarossa and a detachment of his army were badly defeated at Legnano, with the emperor believed killed in the fighting. With his hold over Lombardy broken, Barbarossa made peace with Alexander at Venice on July 24, 1177. Recognizing Alexander as pope, his excommunication was lifted and he was reinstated into the Church. With peace declared, the emperor and his army marched north. Arriving in Germany, Barbarossa found Henry the Lion in open rebellion of his authority. Invading Saxony and Bavaria, Barbarossa captured Henrys lands and forced him into exile. Third Crusade Though Barbarossa had reconciled with the pope, he continued to take actions to strengthen his position in Italy. In 1183, he signed a treaty with the Lombard League, separating them from the pope. Also, his son Henry married Constance, the Norman princess of Sicily, and was proclaimed King of Italy in 1186. While these maneuvers led to increased tension with Rome, it did not prevent Barbarossa answering the call for the Third Crusade in 1189. Death Working in conjunction with Richard I of England and Philip II of France, Barbarossa formed an immense army with the goal of retaking Jerusalem from Saladin. While the English and French kings traveled by sea to the Holy Land with their forces, Barbarossas army was too large and was forced to march overland. Moving through Hungary, Serbia, and the Byzantine Empire, they crossed the Bosporus into Anatolia. After fighting two battles, they arrived at the Saleph River in southeast Anatolia. While stories vary, it is known that Barbarossa died on June 10, 1190, while jumping into or crossing the river. His death led to chaos within the army and only a small fraction of the original force, led by his son Frederick VI of Swabia, reached Acre. Legacy Over the centuries following his death, Barbarossa became a symbol for German unity. During the 14th century, there was a belief that he would rise from the imperial castle of Kyffhuser. During World War II, the Germans launched a massive attack against Russia, which they dubbed Operation Barbarossa in honor of the medieval emperor.